蓄电池长期处于充电不足（欠充状态）由于光伏系统受自然条件限制，太阳能资源的随机性很大，天气有阴晴、雨、雪，太阳光有强、有弱，这样使光伏系统中的储能蓄电池不能得到均匀饱满的完全充电，而且将电池下载（卸下来）进行补充电（再充电）的机会非常少，这样系统中的蓄电池往往是长期处于充电不足，即欠充状态，由于充电不足（欠充）会造成严重后果：( a ）阴极发生硫酸盐化，正极亦然；( b ）电池电解液发生层化（分层现象），这种电解液分层是指电池在深放电或浅放电时，电池底部的HZ 50 ；浓度高于电池上部，极板上硫酸浓度分布也就不同，就会引起正极栅的腐蚀与极板活性物质膨胀或软化。此外对负极的硫酸盐化加重。而且这种硫酸盐化是在负极下部发生粗大的PbS04颗粒，丧失充电的可逆性（充电不再生，就是丧失恢复能力），这些大颗粒PbS04粗晶不接受充电转化，电池容量下降，这叫“不可逆硫酸盐化”。当这种硫酸盐化处于轻微阶段时，还是可以再生的，再生的办法是用“水疗法”（即降低电解液浓度反复充／放电而后恢复），若不可逆程度严重，就难以复活就出现充电时电池发热，电池电压骤升，放电时电池电压陡降。严重硫酸盐化时，根本就不能充电，导致电池失效。
The storage battery is placed in to refresh over a long period of time shortage(owe Chong status) because of light the Fu system is subjected to natural condition restriction, the random of the solar energy resources very heavy, the weather is cloudy or sunny, rain, snow, the sun is strong and is weak, like this make light Fu system in of keep ability the storage battery can not get even fullly and completely refresh, and download(unload) battery to carry on an opportunity to add an electricity(again refresh) quite a little, so the storage battery in the system be usually placed in to refresh shortage over a long period of time, then owe Chong status, because of refresh shortage(owe Chong) will result in serious result:( A)the cathode vitriol happen to turn, the cathode is too;( B)the battery electrolyte occurrence layer turn(layering phenomenon), this kind of electrolyte layering means that the battery is deeply turning on electricity or shallow turn on electricity, the HZ of battery bottom 50;The density is higher than battery upper part, on sulfuric acid density of pole plank distribute also for the dissimilarity, will arouse live material of corrosion and pole plank of cathode grid inflation or soften.In addition turn to aggravate to the vitriol of anode.And this kind of vitriol turns to take place in the anode lower part bulky PbS04 grainses and lose to refresh of can go against sex(refresh to no longer living, be lose instauration ability), these big grain PbS04s are thick crystal don't accept to refresh a conversion, the battery capacity descends, this calls"can not go against vitriol to turn".When this kind of vitriol turns to be placed in a slight stage, be still can be reborn of, the way of rebirth is to use "water cure"(namely lower an electrolyte density Chong again and again/turn on electricity and then instauration), if can not go against degree severity, hard resurrection appear to refresh the battery have fever, the battery electric voltage suddenly rises, and the battery electric voltage is abrupt to decline while turning on electricity.When the serious vitriol turns, basically can not refresh, cause battery expired.
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